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Metoclopramide for Dogs, Cats & Horses - Syrup 5MG/5ML 16oz (Manufacturer may vary) - [Gastrointestinal Health]

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Description

Metoclopramide is a centrally acting anti-vomiting (antiemetic) medication that stimulates the motility of the upper GI tract. It has minimal effect on the lower GI tract and colon. Metoclopramide increases peristalsis of the small intestine and increases tone and strength of contractions in the stomach while causing relaxation of the pyloric sphincter. Consequently, metoclopramide speeds gastric emptying and, possibly, intestinal transit times. It does not stimulate gastric, pancreatic or biliary secretions. It is used primarily for slow gastric motility and the treatment of vomiting.

Metoclopramide is used to treat:

  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Reflux Disease

Metoclopramide acts as a central antiemetic by blocking the uptake of dopamine at the chemo-receptor trigger zone in dogs. Additionally, part of its actions on the upper GI tract include increasing the sphincter pressure in the lower esophagus and reducing gastroesophageal reflux, which also may be helpful for decreasing vomiting.

How It Works

One of the stomach's most important functions is to grind the food we eat into a fine slurry that passes freely through the intestines. A strong rhythm of contraction is necessary to affect this and this rhythm creates the stomach's motility.

Motility disorders are common and may be chronic (of long duration) or of sudden onset. When motility is reduced in the stomach, food pools there and creates a sensation of nausea and bloating. In some cases, bile refluxes from the intestine back into the stomach, causing irritation and more nausea. Metoclopramide normalizes stomach contractions so that food and bile can pass in the correct direction.

An additional effect of metoclopramide is helpful in the control of nausea. There is a biochemical barrier separating the brain and central nervous system from the blood stream so that only certain biochemicals can cross over. This partition is called the blood-brain barrier. Metoclopramide is able to cross the blood-brain barrier and act on the brain directly to control the sensation of nausea.

Metoclopramide thus helps the vomiting patient by normalizing stomach motility and acting directly on the brain to reduce the sensation of nausea.

Signs of nausea in pets include:

  • Loss of appetite
  • Vomiting
  • Drooling
  • Loud stomach or intestinal sounds
  • Chewing motions

Metoclopramide can be used to control nausea in any situation except in the event of stomach or intestinal obstruction. If a motility problem is suspected (a classical history would include vomiting food many hours after eating), metoclopramide should also be helpful. If a motility disorder extends beyond the stomach (for example, a colon motility disorder might lead to constipation), metoclopramide would not expected to be helpful.

Directions

Dogs and Cats: 0.2-0.5 mg/kg every 6-8 hours orally, IV or IM, or 1-2 mg/kg every 2-4 hours by continuous IV infusion, or approximately 0.1-0.2 mg/kg every hour.

Horses: 0.125-0.25 mg/kg/hr IC [added to IV fluids].

Metoclopramide is best given 20 minutes before a meal.

Side Effects

Side effects are rare with metoclopramide but generally stem from the ability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier. Animals predisposed to seizures (i.e., epileptics) may experience seizures, although this should not be a problem for normal animals. Use cautiously in horses because of excitement.

Some animals experience drowsiness and others will experience marked hyperactivity. Hyperactivity can be reversed with a dose of Benedryl (diphenhydramine).

Constipation has been reported as a side effect in some individuals. This is not a common side effect.

If you suspect your pet is having an adverse reaction to metoclopramide, discontinue the medication and inform your veterinarian. There is another motility modifier called cisapride (Propulsid) that may be a good alternative. This medication does not cross the blood-brain barrier and hence does not have the behavioral side effects that metoclopramide can, but it also does not reduce the sensation of nausea by this additional mechanism either.

Interactions With Other Medications

Metoclopramide should not be used with phenothiazine, tranquilizers such as acepromazine, or if there is any potential for seizures in the patient. Both medications serve to lower the threshold to seizures.

Propantheline bromide (Pro-Banthine), which is used to treat some cardiac arrhythmias, will inactivate metoclopramide.

Narcotic analgesics may negate the effects of metoclopramide.

Cautions and Contraindications

In patients with pheochromocytoma (a rare adrenal tumor) the use of metoclopramide can induce dangerously high blood pressure.

If stomach obstruction is suspected in a patient, it is best not to encourage motility and some other anti-nausea drug is preferred.

Metoclopramide crosses the placenta and into milk and is probably best avoided in pregnant or nursing mothers.

Storage and Warnings:

Store in a tight, light resistant, childproof container in a cool, dry place at room temperature away from heat and direct sunlight.

Keep this and all medication out of reach of children and pets.

Metoclopramide is very similar to the sunscreen ingredient PABA. Humans allergic to sunscreens should avoid contact with metoclopramide.

FAQ

  • Avoid using in pregnant or nursing pets
  • Pets with pheochromocytoma (a rare adrenal tumor)
  • Pets with a history of seizures. Metoclopramide may cause seizures in these pets.
  • Pets suspected to have a stomach or intestinal obstruction, bleeding or perforation
  • Use with caution in pets with kidney disease, diabetes or high blood pressure or recent stomach surgery
  • If your pet has had an earlier allergic reaction to metoclopramide or like products (ex. PABA sunscreens)
If a dose is missed, give it as soon as you can. If it is time already for the next dose, skip the missed dose and go back to the normal schedule. Do not give two doses at the same time.

Talk to your veterinarian about:

  • When will your pet need to be rechecked
  • What tests may need to be performed prior to and during treatment with this drug
  • Risks and benefits of using this drug

Tell your veterinarian about:

  • If your pet has experienced side-effects on other drugs/products
  • If your pet has experienced digestive upset now or ever
  • If your pet has experienced any other medical problems or allergies now or ever
  • If your pet is pregnant or nursing or if you plan to breed your pet
  • Animals predisposed to seizures may experience seizures. This should not happen in 'normal' animals.
  • Drowsiness, or marked hyperactivity, frenzy and/or disorientation
  • Constipation, behavior and attitude changes
  • If you notice any of these symptoms or anything else unusual, discontinue metoclopramide and contact your veterinarian
  • Yes, but possible interactions may occur with acetaminophen, aspirin/acetylsalicylic acid, atropine, cimetidine, cyclosporine, diazepam, digoxin, insulin, MAOIs (ex. Anipryl, Preventic Flea Collar), narcotic analgesics, phenothiazine tranquillizers (ex. acepromazine), probantheline bromide, sedatives and tetracycline.
  • Since metoclopramide increases the movement of gastrointestinal contents, it can affect the absorption rates of many oral drugs
  • If your pet experiences any unusual reactions when taking multiple medications, contact your veterinarian.
Contact your veterinarian immediately if pet eats more than the prescribed amount.

Notify your veterinarian if your animal's condition does not improve or worsens despite this treatment.

As with all prescribed medicines, metoclopramide should only be given to the pet for which it was prescribed. It should be given only for the condition for which it was prescribed.

This is just a summary of information about metoclopramide. If you have any questions or concerns about metoclopramide or the condition it was prescribed for, contact your veterinarian.

Reviews

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5.0
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100% Recommend this product (1 of 1 responses)
By Maureen I.
Des Plaines, IL
Very convenient
October 27, 2017
Order process was easy, arrived in a timely manner and a big savings as well!

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